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Verbs & Present Tense

Verb roots, present habitual and continuous, the verb होना and agreement
कर्मवाच्य: passive voice
passive voice
karmavaachya
खाया जाता है = is eaten; जाना as passive auxiliary
सकारात्मक: जाना auxiliary
passive with jaanaa
kiyaa jaanaa
Past participle + जाना = passive
कर्तृवाच्य बनाम कर्मवाच्य
active vs passive
active/passive
When and why Hindi uses passive
प्रेरणार्थक क्रिया: करवाना
causative verbs: to get done
karvaanaa, banvaanaa
Double causative: करना→कराना→करवाना
प्रथम प्रेरणार्थक: -आना
first causative: -aanaa
khilaanaa (to feed)
खाना→खिलाना (cause to eat)
द्वितीय प्रेरणार्थक: -वाना
second causative: -vaanaa
khilvaanaa
Cause via someone else
संयुक्त क्रिया गहराई
compound verbs in depth
compound verb nuance
लेना/देना/जाना/पड़ना as aspectual auxiliaries
क्रमिक क्रिया: कर के
sequential verb: kar ke
kar ke
खाकर/खा के = having eaten (then...)
पूर्वकालिक कृदंत
perfective participle (conjunctive)
kar/ke participle
Linking sequential actions
अपूर्ण व पूर्ण पहलू
imperfective vs perfective aspect
aspect system
How Hindi marks aspect across tenses