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Postpositions & Case
The oblique case, postpositions ने/को/से/में/पर and possession
तिरछा रूप — oblique case
oblique case
tirchaa ruup
Nouns change form before a postposition
को — to / object marker
ko — to / direct object marker
ko
राहुल को = to Rahul; marks specific objects
से — from / with / by
se — from / with / by
se
दिल्ली से = from Delhi; चाकू से = with a knife
में — in
men — in
men
घर में = in the house
पर — on / at
par — on / at
par
मेज़ पर = on the table
का / की / के — possession (of)
kaa/kii/ke — of (possession)
kaa / kii / ke
राहुल का घर = Rahul's house; agrees with thing owned
मेरा / तेरा / उसका
my / your / his-her
meraa / teraa / uskaa
Possessive pronouns agree with the possessed noun
लड़का → लड़के को
boy → to the boy (oblique)
laṛkaa → laṛke ko
Oblique singular: -aa becomes -e before postposition
के पास — to have (near)
ke paas — to have / near
ke paas
मेरे पास ... है = I have ... (lit. near me is)
के लिए — for
ke lie — for
ke lie
तुम्हारे लिए = for you